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中新网评：美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******

　　中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后，美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕，众议院共和党领袖凯文•麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录，将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。

资料图：美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者沙晗汀摄

　　由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素，众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中，美国民主党议员继续抱团，多轮投票中，一票不投麦卡锡，共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。

　　麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折，除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外，与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。

　　一方面，共和党党内反对者认为，麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱，无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府，另一方面，因为共和党的多数优势微弱，党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大，有利于他们巩固自己的选票。

　　此外，党内反对者也认为，自己的选票没有换取更多利益，希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步，比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。

　　作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物，众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任，选举几乎没有悬念。然而，麦卡锡此次为当选，不得不做出多个关键让步，其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制，使得众议长的权力被削弱，难以掌控众议院。

　　美国有线电视新闻网CNN称，麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步，这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。

　　这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下，党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上，美国两党相互拆台，陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内，也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系，相互对抗，选票变成了谋利益的工具。

　　从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举，“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈，长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力，其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。

　　两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病，美国所谓的“民主”形象，让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举，变成了政客们利益置换的游戏，进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能，不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。

　　House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy

　　(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".

　　The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.

　　Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.

　　On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.

　　On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.

　　Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.

　　As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.

　　But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.

　　CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.

　　This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.

　　Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.

　　From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.

　　Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.

　　The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.

口腔种植体集采拟中选结果出炉：最高降价近八成，有企业惊呼不可思议******

　　1月11日，口腔种植体系统省级联盟集采在成都开标，据国家医保局所属唯一媒体平台中国医疗保险文章，这是高值耗材集采从医保领域扩围到非医保领域的首次尝试。

　　中午12时30分左右，此次集采的拟中选结果在开标现场公布。此次共有40个产品拟中选，其中A组产品20个拟中选，B组产品20个拟中选，涉及士卓曼、诺贝尔生物、威高、百康特等国内外企业。

　　从拟中选结果名单来看，B组的杭州民生立德医疗科技有限公司的四级纯钛产品系统报出了全场最低价，为548元，相比2380元/套的最高有效申报价，降幅约77%，在其竞价单元拟中选规则排名第一。澎湃新闻记者注意到，在听到548元的价格后，有企业代表发出惊呼：“真不可思议。”

　　从此前种植牙集采文件公布的首年采购需求量和首年意向采购量来看，A组的奥齿泰、登腾、士卓曼、诺贝尔生物、R&B齿科的采购需求量和意向采购量居于前五位，均在10万套以上。

　　开标现场报价显示，奥齿泰的四级纯钛产品系统报价771元，相比最高有效申报价降幅约68%；B&B齿科的四级纯钛产品系统报价1163元，相比最高有效申报价降幅约51%；诺贝尔生物的四级纯钛产品系统报价1855元，较最高有效申报价降幅约22%。上述企业均出现在拟中选结果名单。

　　来自瑞士的知名齿科器械企业士卓曼也参与了现场报价，其钛合金产品系统报价3517元，超过了2380元的最高有效申报价，未获得拟中选结果。不过，该公司的四级纯钛产品系统报价1855元，降幅约22%，获得拟中选资格，在竞价单元拟中选规则排名13位。

　　此次集采也有企业踩着2380元的最高有效申报价进行报价，如A组的常州百康特的钛合金产品系统报价2380元，并未进入拟中选结果名单，而该公司另一款四级纯钛产品系统则报价630元，较最高有效申报价降幅超过74%，第一顺位中标。

　　口腔种植体系统省际联盟集中带量采购公告(第2号)文件显示，口腔种植体系统集中带量采购产品以种植体、修复基台、配件包各1件组成种植体产品系统，根据种植体材质，分为四级纯钛种植体产品系统和钛合金种植体产品系统共两个产品系统类别，并对各部件做出具体要求。四级纯钛种植体产品系统和钛合金种植体产品系统的最高有效申报价统一为2380元/套，集中带量采购周期为3年。

　　从公告来看，各产品系统类别的首年意向采购量按参加本次集中带量采购的每一家医疗机构报送的各产品系统首年采购需求量的90%(如出现非整数则向上取整至个位)累加得出。其中，四级纯钛种植体产品系统首年采购需求量为2494956套，首年意向采购量为2253818套；钛合金种植体产品系统首年采购需求量为375087套，首年意向采购量为339335套。

　　以此计算，上述产品的年需求总量超过280万套，首年意向采购量超过259万套。

　　（文图：赵筱尘巫邓炎）

[责编：天天中]

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